The Difference between ASD and ADHD

Clients often ask…How can I tell if I need an Autism Assessment or an assessment for ADHD?

Some tips and advice are here for you.

Key Takeaways

Different Core Traits: ADHD symptoms often involve hyperactivity, impulsivity, and trouble focusing, while autism spectrum disorder tends to affect social communication (how they read wit, humour, sarcasm and think literally), sensory processing, and repetitive behaviours (flapping, bouncing, cracking knuckles, making sounds).

Shared Traits: Both conditions can include difficulty focusing, challenges with social cues, and sensory differences, which can make diagnosis more complex.

Tailored Support Plans: Effective strategies may involve behavioural therapy, occupational therapy, and, in the case of ADHD, ADHD medication, all adapted to individual needs.

What Is ADHD?

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that influences how people focus, control impulses, and manage their activity levels. It’s often identified in childhood, but ADHD symptoms can persist into adulthood if not addressed. You need a Psychiatrist to prescribe medication.

Key Characteristics of ADHD:

Trouble focusing on tasks or conversations, which can lead to unfinished projects or missed details.

Impulsivity, where actions are taken without considering the consequences, often leading to challenges in social interactions.

Hyperactivity, manifesting as an inability to sit still or a constant need for movement, making it difficult to engage in quiet activities.

ADHD is generally classified into three categories:
Inattentive ADHD: Primarily struggles with focus, organisation, and completing tasks, often leading to forgetfulness and difficulty following instructions.

Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD: Characterised by restlessness, excessive talking, and acting impulsively, which can disrupt daily activities and social settings.

Combined Type: A mix of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive traits, presenting a broader range of challenges that require a nuanced approach to support.

These categories help healthcare professionals craft personalised support and treatment plans, ensuring that each person’s unique needs are met effectively.

What Is Autism?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that influences how people communicate, engage with others, and process sensory experiences. The term ‘spectrum’ highlights the range of challenges and strengths seen in autistic people, reflecting a broad array of experiences.

Key Characteristics of Autism:

Social Communication Challenges: Many autistic people find it difficult to maintain eye contact, interpret social cues, or participate in conversations. These challenges can affect their ability to connect with others and navigate social situations smoothly.

Repetitive Behaviours and Focus: Autistic individuals often engage in repetitive actions or have an intense focus on specific interests. These behaviours can provide comfort and structure, although they may appear unusual to those unfamiliar with autism.

Sensory Processing Differences: Sensory sensitivities are common, with some people experiencing heightened reactions to lights, sounds, or textures. These differences can lead to sensory overload or discomfort in certain environments.

Autistic people often prefer routines and predictability, finding comfort in familiar patterns. Disruptions to these routines can cause distress or anxiety, making it essential to approach changes with care and understanding.
Teachers often see ASD in children at school, and your GP can help here also.

For more information check out www.asiam.ie and/or www.adhdIreland.ie